Internal-combustion engine.



T. VEITGH. INTERNAL UOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1909.

Patented Nov. 15,1910.

'L il Afro/mfr @1TH STATES AET THOMAS VEITCH, OF DUMONT, NEVI JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CO., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORJPORATION OF NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all who/m t ma?! concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS Vnlroir, a

One ot' the objects of the presentinven-- tion 1s to provide an engine of the character specified in which the working and pump cylinders are located coaxially, and the working and pump pistons whereof form a single rigid structure in such a manner that each double-acting working piston is provided with a single single-acting pump piston.

Another object ot' the invention .is to provide an engineof the character specified, the

working cylinders whereof, including their compression spaces, are thoroughly and completely scavenged by the new charge forced into the same.

Still another object. of the invention is to provide single means for each combined working and pump cylinder, which controls the inflow ot the charge from the charge forming device or atmosphere to the pump cylinder and at the saine time from the pump cylinder into a distributing chamber, common to all of the working cylinders.

Other objects ot' the invention will be apparent from a reading ot' the specification and an examination of the drawings, forining part of the present,application forLetters Patent.

'With these and other'objects in view, the invention consists in the combination and arrangement of the several parts thereof, as willbe hereinafter' more fully described and pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of an engine,

constructed in accordance with the present.

v Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 18, 19Q9.

Patented Nov. 15, 1910. v serial No. 496,842'.

invention, in a plane through the center of one of the cy1inder's,.Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the engine, Fig. 3 is a detail of construction of one ot the valves, and Fig. 4 is a modification of said valve.

The frame of the engine is shown at 5 and supports the cylinders 6, 6. These cylinders mayV be termed combined working and pump cylinders, the Working portions 7 of which are of less diameter than the pump portions 8. The working portions 7 are, in the case illustrated in the drawings, composedvof a plurality of sections, such as the top section 9,' the central section 10 and the bottom section 11. These sections are provided with the usual water-jacket 12, for a well known purpose. Obviously if air cooling is desired, there may be provided instead of the Iwater-jacket the usual ribs in any preferred manner. As the engine is of the double acting type, it is obvious that the working cylinders are'closed at botli ends. The central section l0 of the working cylinders consists of a ring provided with the inlet ports 13 and 14 and the exhaust ports 15 and 16; ports 13 and 15 serving for the working space above the pistons, while the ports 14 and 16 serve forthe working space below the pistons. In the' inner Wall of the central section 10, and between the inletand exhaust-ports, is arranged a circular groove 17, connected in a manner, not shown in the drawings, with an outside supply of lubricating oil.A Ignition devices 18 and 19 for the combustible mixture are arranged near to the upper and lower ends of the working cylinders, respectively."

The working pistonsof the engine are indicated at 20, 20, closed at both ends,and provided with the usual packing rings 21, Q1, near to their upper and lower ends, and with baiiie plates E22, 22, upon their tops and bottoms. The piston rods 23, 23 extend through the bottoms of the Working cylinders and carry upon their lower ends pump pistons 24, Q1, working in the pump cylinders S. The pump pistons are connected by connecting rods v25, 25, with the cranks 2G, 26 ot the crankshaft. lt will be observed that the pump pistons serve thus at the same time as cross heads for well known purposes.

As for each working cylinder, which in reality corresponds to two cylinders of a single-acting engine, there is provided one ioo pump cylinder, vit is obvious that the volume of combustible mixture, forced by the pump pistons in a manner, hereinafter to be described, into the common distributing chamber, must be substantially twice the volume required in each working cylinder. The area of each pump piston must, therefore, not only bc twice the area of each working piston', but substantially larger, so that the urnt gases may be entirely expelled from the working cylinders including also their compression spaces. As the compression space occupies about30% of the total cylinder volume, an engine, constructed in accordance with the present invention,has a y greater power factor of this percentage than connected by meansof eitherl a four-cycle engine or crank compres-v sion two-cycle engine of the same dimensio'ns. Of course, when pure air alone is furnished to the working cylinders, and the fuel injected by some means, the proportion between the volumes of the pump cylinders 'and working cylinders may be even larger than 30%, so that the air. in excess of the 'normal proportion would tend to thoroughly scavenge. the working cylinders and by escaping through the exhaust ports carry away a certain amount of heat, and tend to lill these ports.

The charge forming device of the engine is indicated at 27 and is connected to supply chamber 28, common to all of the cylinders of the engine. The supply`chamber communicates through valve controlled passages with a distributing chamber 30, common to all of the working cylinders of the engine. This distributing chamber is piston controlled i and may communicate through the inlets 13 and 14, respectively, with the working chambers above and below the pistons. The supply chamber 28 is also assages 3l, 31 with the pump pistons S, 8 o the engine.

The communications between the supply chamber and the pump pistons and distributing chamber 30, respectively, are controlled by piston-.valves 32, 32. These valves operate in cylindrical chambers 33, 33,.pro vided with circular ports 34, leading from the supply chamber to the passages 3l, and with circularports 35, leading from the passages 31 to the @distributing chamber 30. The chambers 33, 33 are closed at their upper ends by covers 36, 36. In alternating the piston valvesk 32, 32, communications inay be opened and closed between the supply chamber and the pump pistons and between the pump pistons and distributing chamber, in a manner hereinafter to be described.

Each piston-valve consists, preferably, of a 'tubular member open at both ends, and

connected by means of valve-rods 37,37, t-o 4 which is rotated, for instance, by means of gears 41 and 42 from the crankshaft of the engine, and, particularly in the case illustrated in the drawings, at the speed of the crankshaft.

In operation of the engine, when a. valve 32 opens a communication between the supply chamber and a passage 31, the combustible charge is introduced into the supply 'chamber 28, and thence to a pump cylinder.

On the upward stroke of a piston, tlie com.;` bustible mixture of the pump cylinder' is transferred through the corresponding passage 31 into the distributing chamber 30, and will thus be introduced .into a working space. The pistonwithin the combustion chamber compresses then the charge, igni tion takes place and the piston is driven i forward. The cycle of operation 1s then re- 45 above said ports. The space between this partition and the cover 36 of the chamber is in communication through an opening 46l in the cover ywith the atmosphere. A spring 47, bearing against the cover 3G and the partition of the valve, tends to hold the said valve in its central position, that is in a position where the communications l between the passages 31 and thev supply chamber 2S and distributing chamber 30, respectively are closed. This valve is operatedV automatically by the engine, more particularly during the downward stroke of the corresponding piston of the val1ve, the suction will operate the valve so that the ports 44 thereof register with the passage 34, wher by a communication is opened between the s pply chamber and the pump cylinder, and during the upward stroke of the piston the pressure in the passage-3l lifts the valve against the atmospheric pressure, existing inthe chamber 33 above the partition 45, so that'the ports 44 ofthe valve register with the passage 35, whereby a communication is opened between the pump cylinder and the distributing chamber bviously as soon as the suction or pressure, respectively, ceases, the spring 47 tends to bring the valve into its normal position, whereby all the communications are closed. .tittention is called to the fact that the stroke of the pistens in the cylinders is such that the oil groove 17 is never' uncovered by the said pistons, so that the oildoes not come into contact with the new charge or the products of combustion of the same.

1'. In a double' acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a plurality of working cylinders', of a piston operating in each cylinder and dividing the same into two. combustion f chambers, ,a pump cylinder located co-axially with each working cylinder, I

a single acting plston operating in each chambers.

pump cylinder and being rigidly connectedV with its corresponding'working piston, and a communicating passage from all of Asaid pump cylinders -to `all of .said combustion 2. In a double acting'internal combustion engine, the combination with a plurality of working cylinders, of a (piston operating in eachcylinder-Zand divi ing the same into two combustion chambers, a 'pump cylinder'i located coaxially v` with each working cylinder, asingle acting piston operating in each pump cylinder, a piston rod connecting,

each-"pump piston Withits corresponding -working piston, and -a communicating pas-14 sage fro-'m all of said pump 'cylinders to all of saidcombustion chambers.

3. In a double acting internal combustion engine, the combinationl with a plurality of working cylinders, of a piston operating in each cylinder and dividing the same into two combustion chambers,a pump cylinder located coaxially with each workingcylinder, a *single acting vpiston operating in each pump cylinder and being rigidly connected with. its corresponding Working piston, a `supply chamber adapted to communicate with all of said pump cylinders, a distributing chamber, a passage for each pump cylin der leading. from said distributing chamber to said pump cylinder, vmeans in each passage for controlling the communications be tween said supply1 chamber and pump cylinder and said ump cylinder and-distributing chamber, and a piston controlled passage leadingfrom each 'combustion chamber to said dlstributing chamber.

4. In a double acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a plurality of working cylinders, of a piston operating in y each cylinder and dividing the same into two combustion chambers, a pump cylinder locat e'd coaXially with each workingcylinder, a single acting piston operating in each pump cylinder and being rigidly connected with thecorresponding working piston, a

supply chamber adapted to communicate with all of said pump cylinders, a distributing chamber, a passage foreach pump cylinder leading from saiddistributing chamber to said pump cylinder, a single valve in each passage for controlling the communications between said supply chamber and pump cylinder and said pump cylinder and distributing chamber, and a pistoncontrolledpassage 'leading from each combustion chamber to .said distributing chamber.

5. vIn a double acting internal combustion engine, the combination` with` a plurality of workin cylinders of a piston operating in each'cyinder-and dividing the same into two combustionchambers, a pump cylinder located coaxially with each working cylinder, a single acting piston operating iny 'each pump cylinder and being rigidly connected with the corresponding working piston, a supply chamber adapted to communicate Lwith all of said pump cylinders, a distributa single acting piston operating in each pump cylinderand being rigidlyconnected with the corresponding working piston, a sup ly chamber adapted to communicate with al of pump cylinders,'a distributing chamber,

a passage' for each pumpcylinder leading from said distributing chamber to said pump cylinder, a mechanically -operated valve in `'each passage for controlling the communications between said supply chamber and from each compump cylinder and 'said pump cylinder and distributing chamber, .an'd a piston 4controlled passage leading from each combustion. chamber `to said stributing chamber.

Signed at New-Ye/rk, inthe county of New York and State of New York, this 13th day of May, A. D. 1909.

THOMAS VEITCH.

. `Witnesses:

SIGMUND HERZOG, S. BIRNBAUM. 

